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(*ANY) makes it so that any unicode newline character or sequence thereof counts as a line break.

(*ANYCRLF) makes it so that either a carriage return character or a line feed character, or the two in sequence are considered a line break.

(*CR) makes it so that only a carriage return character is considered a line break.

(*CRLF) makes it so that only a carriage return character followed by a line feed character is considered a line break. Common in Windows documents.

(*FAIL) or (*F) is a synonym for (?!), and it allows you to force a matching failure at a specific point in the regex.